The group initially supported the Commission but later withdrew their support, forcing the Commission to resign. Allegations of corruption centred on two PES Commissioners, Édith Cresson and Manuel Marín. In 1999, the Parliament refused to approve the Santer Commission's handling of the EU budget. As a result, the parliamentary group was renamed the Group of the Party of European Socialists on 21 April 1993. The Confederation was succeeded by the Party of European Socialists (PES), in 1992. Meanwhile, the national parties making up the group were also organising themselves on a European level outside the Parliament, creating the Confederation of Socialist Parties of the European Community in 1974. The left–right coalition between the Socialists and EPP has dominated the Parliament since then and the post of President of the Parliament has alternated between the two groups ever since, with some exceptions. In 1987, the Single European Act came into force and the group began co-operating with the European People's Party (EPP) to secure the majorities needed under the cooperation procedure. It has ever since remained the largest or second-largest Group. The group continued through the creation of the appointed Parliament in 1958 and, when the Parliament became an elected body in 1979 following the first European election, the group became the largest in terms of returned MEPs. A group bureau and secretariat was established in Luxembourg. The Common Assembly was the predecessor of the European Parliament. The Socialist Group was one of the first three groups to be created when it was founded on 23 June 1953 in the Common Assembly of the European Coal and Steel Community. 4.2 From 6th to 8th European Parliament.2 Presidents of the European Parliament.In the European Council, 8 out of 27 heads of state and government belong to PES parties and in the European Commission, 8 out of 27 Commissioners come from PES parties. In the current EU Parliament the S&D is currently composed of 146 members from 25 member states. During the eighth EU Parliament Assembly, the S&D was the only Parliament group with representation from all 27 EU member states. Until the 1999 European Parliament elections, it was the largest group in the Parliament, but since then it has always been the second-largest group. Centre-left in orientation, the group mostly comprises social-democratic parties and is affiliated with the Progressive Alliance and Socialist International. It adopted its present-day name on 23 June 2009.
The Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats was officially founded as a Socialist Group on 29 June 1953 which makes it the second oldest political group in the European Parliament after the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe group (ALDE). The Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats ( S&D) is the political group in the European Parliament of the Party of European Socialists (PES).
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